Title :
Astroprincin (
FAM171A1 ,
C10orf38 ): A Regulator of Human Cell Shape and Invasive Growth
Abstract :
- Our group originally found and cloned cDNA for a 98-kDa type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein of unknown function
- Because of its abundant expression in astrocytes, it was called the protein astroprincin ( APCN )
- Two thirds of the evolutionarily conserved protein is intracytoplasmic, whereas the extracellular domain carries two N-glycosidic side chains
- APCN is physiologically expressed in placental trophoblasts, skeletal and hearth muscle, and kidney and pancreas
- Overexpression of APCN ( cDNA ) in various cell lines induced sprouting of slender projections, whereas knockdown of APCN expression by siRNA caused disappearance of actin stress fibers
- Immunohistochemical staining of human cancers for endogenous APCN showed elevated expression in invasive tumor cells compared with intratumoral cells
- Human melanoma cells (SK- MEL-28) transfected with APCN cDNA acquired the ability of invasive growth in semisolid medium (Matrigel) not seen with control cells
- A conserved carboxyterminal stretch of 21 amino acids was found to be essential for APCN to induce cell sprouting and invasive growth
- Yeast two-hybrid screening revealed several interactive partners, of which ornithine decarboxylase antizyme-1 , NEEP21 ( NSG1 ), and ADAM10 were validated by coimmunoprecipitation
- This is the first functional description of APCN
- These data show that APCN regulates the dynamics of the actin cytoskeletal and, thereby, the cell shape and invasive growth potential of tumor cells
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